The Goddess LILITH is REAL!
Or I should say she is as real as any god that
is worshiped today, I so love saying that as it sure will upset a heck of a lot
of folk that do not understand the meaning of reality.
Some say Lilith is a demon and some say a deity,
personally I can not see the difference, watching the mass murder of followers
of other religions that can so clearly be seen around the world at this very
moment I would suggest it may be best to start worshiping the biggest bad-est
demon you can find and buy a BIG gun!.
If people were just half as cleaver as they
think they are then they would know you should never worship anything that asks
to be worshipped as it shows a lot of insecurity in the megalomaniac god to say
the least.
Just look up the word Megalomania to see how this
can cover a lot of the modern Gods ……. a psychopathological condition
characterized by delusional fantasies of power, relevance, omnipotence, and by
inflated self-esteem.
I repeat :
NEVER EVER WORSHIP ANY GOD
THAT
TELLS YOU TO !
And if you fail to understand this perhaps you
should climb back into the trees and give another animal a chance.
So going back to Lilith to be a god you need
belief and a few worshipers.
It also helps if other religions confirm your
gods’ existence.
Being written down in Holy books also helps but
even better when shown to cover a larger time period than a some other
religions, perhaps with evidence showing a god has changed its name and nature
due to changes in time location and worshipers, this can be shown by the way
the Abraham-ic deity changed from a small tribal deity to a God that demands
the destruction of all other deities …er along with the followers
Lots of different views on who and what is
Lilith and that is good as all the best religions like to confuse the crap out
of their followers.
Below you can read more of the history of the
goddess
But here are a few things to think about while
reading.
1.
No God is Good or Bad ….. if you are lucky they
are mostly Amoral, at worse they are a frigging psychopath just ask any
residents of Sodom or Gomorrah …… ho wait you can’t can you ……… I wonder why?
2.
Lilith has been around longer than earliest
Abraham-ic religions … just a new job description mostly.
3.
If she left the Garden of Eden before the fall
then she is as Amoral as any god as she does not know good from evil.
4. A lot of bad press due to being female which is kinda Misogyny taken to a religious level.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CrxQ0vtdB10
Heart of Lilith - Inkubus Sukkubus
She has come from the shadows of the dream world
A dark angel from the darker side of love
Across a sea of tears
A hundred thousand years
Come with her and dance in the moon light
And you are lost to this world evermore
Put your hand in her hand
Come and fly now with the angels
Rise again now like the phoenix
Your the love that lives forever
In the heart that never dies, never dies
Heart of Lilith!
Come and drown in the lake of her passion
Come and die so you can be reborn
Hear the siren sing
Hear the death knell ring
She's a witch a siren and a vampyre
She has come from the distance stars
To take your heart
To break your heart
Come and fly now with the angels
Rise again now like the phoenix
Your the love that lives forever
In the heart that never dies, never dies
Heart of Lilith!
Come and kiss, kiss the lips of Lilith
Come and kiss and you will be no more
Feel the fire
Of desire
Come and fly now with the angels
Rise again now like the phoenix
Your the love that lives forever
In the heart that never dies, never dies
Heart of Lilith!
Come and fly now with the angels
Rise again now like the phoenix
Your the love that lives forever
In the heart that never dies, never dies
Heart of Lilith!
LILTH OR LILITH
The Hebrew term lilth or lilith(translated as
"night monster,night hag,night creatures or screech owl")first occurs
in Isaiah 34:14 either singular or plural according to variations in the
earliest manuscript though in the list of animal, in the dead sea scrolls,
songs of the sage the term first occurs in a list of monster lilth is
identified as a female demon and the first visual depictions appear.
In Jewish folklore from alphabet of Ben sira
onwards, lilth became Adams first wife who was created at the same time and at
the same earth as Adam, lilth left Adam after she refused to become subservient
to him, and then would not return to the garden of Eden after she coupled with
archangel Samael.
Micheal
Gagliano
For 4,000 years Lilith has
wandered the earth, figuring in the mythic imaginations of writers, artists and
poets. Her dark origins lie in Babylonian demonology, where amulets and
incantations were used to counter the sinister powers of this winged spirit who
preyed on pregnant women and infants. Lilith next migrated to the world of the
ancient Hittites, Egyptians, Israelites and Greeks. She makes a solitary
appearance in the Bible, as a wilderness demon shunned by the prophet Isaiah.
In the Middle Ages she reappears in Jewish sources as the dreadful first wife
of Adam.
In the Renaissance, Michelangelo portrayed Lilith as a half-woman, half-serpent, coiled around the Tree of Knowledge. Later, her beauty would captivate the English poet Dante Gabriel Rossetti. “Her enchanted hair,” he wrote, “was the first gold.”1 Irish novelist James Joyce cast her as the “patron of abortions.”2 Modern feminists celebrate her bold struggle for independence from Adam. Her name appears as the title of a Jewish women’s magazine and a national literacy program. An annual music festival that donates its profits to battered women’s shelters and breast cancer research institutes is called the Lilith Fair.
In the Renaissance, Michelangelo portrayed Lilith as a half-woman, half-serpent, coiled around the Tree of Knowledge. Later, her beauty would captivate the English poet Dante Gabriel Rossetti. “Her enchanted hair,” he wrote, “was the first gold.”1 Irish novelist James Joyce cast her as the “patron of abortions.”2 Modern feminists celebrate her bold struggle for independence from Adam. Her name appears as the title of a Jewish women’s magazine and a national literacy program. An annual music festival that donates its profits to battered women’s shelters and breast cancer research institutes is called the Lilith Fair.
In most manifestations of her
myth, Lilith represents chaos, seduction and ungodliness. Yet, in her every
guise, Lilith has cast a spell on humankind.
The ancient name “Lilith”
derives from a Sumerian word for female demons or wind spirits—the lilītu and
the related ardat lilǐ. The lilītu dwells in desert lands and open country
spaces and is especially dangerous to pregnant women and infants. Her breasts
are filled with poison, not milk. The ardat lilī is a sexually frustrated and
infertile female who behaves aggressively toward young men.
To learn more about Biblical women with slighted traditions, take a look at the Bible History Daily feature Scandalous Women in the Bible, which includes articles on Mary Magdalene and Jezebel.
The earliest surviving mention of Lilith’s name appears in Gilgamesh and the Huluppu-Tree, a Sumerian epic poem found on a tablet at
Lilith? In the 1930s,
scholars identified the voluptuous woman on this terracotta plaque (called the
Burney Relief) as the Babylonian demoness Lilith. Today, the figure is
generally identified as the goddess of love and war, known as Inanna to the
Sumerians and Ishtar to the later Akkadians. (Both characters are featured in
the poem Gilgamesh and the Huluppu-Tree, quoted on this page.) The woman wears
a horned crown and has the wings and feet of a bird. She is flanked by owls
(associated with Lilith) and stands on the backs of two lions (symbols of
Inanna). According to Mesopotamian myths, the demoness Lilith (lilītu or ardat
lilǐ) flew at night, seducing men and killing pregnant women and babies. This
night creature makes one appearance in the Bible, in Isaiah 34, which
enumerates the fierce denizens of the desert wilderness: hyenas, goat-demons
and “the lilith” (Isaiah 34:14). (In the King James Version, “lilith” is
translated “screech owl”—apparently alluding to the demon’s night flights in
search of prey.) Image: From The Great Mother.
Originating about the same time as the Gilgamesh epic is a terracotta plaque, known as the Burney Relief, that some scholars have identified as the first known pictorial representation of Lilith. (More recently, scholars have identified the figure as Inanna.) The Babylonian relief shows her as a beautiful, naked sylph with bird wings, taloned feet and hair contained under a cap decorated with several pairs of horns. She stands atop two lions and between two owls, apparently bending them to her will. Lilith’s association with the owl—a predatory and nocturnal bird—bespeaks a connection to flight and night terrors.
Originating about the same time as the Gilgamesh epic is a terracotta plaque, known as the Burney Relief, that some scholars have identified as the first known pictorial representation of Lilith. (More recently, scholars have identified the figure as Inanna.) The Babylonian relief shows her as a beautiful, naked sylph with bird wings, taloned feet and hair contained under a cap decorated with several pairs of horns. She stands atop two lions and between two owls, apparently bending them to her will. Lilith’s association with the owl—a predatory and nocturnal bird—bespeaks a connection to flight and night terrors.
In early incantations against
Lilith, she travels on demon wings, a conventional mode of transportation for
underworld residents. Dating from the seventh or eighth century B.C.E. is a
limestone wall plaque, discovered in Arslan Tash ,
Syria , in 1933, which contains a horrific mention of Lilith.
The tablet probably hung in the house of a pregnant woman and served as an
amulet against Lilith, who was believed to be lurking at the door and
figuratively blocking the light. One translation reads: “O you who fly in (the)
darkened room(s), / Be off with you this instant, this instant, Lilith. /
Thief, breaker of bones.”4 Presumably, if Lilith saw her name written on the
plaque, she would fear recognition and quickly depart. The plaque thus offered
protection from Lilith’s evil intentions toward a mother or child. At critical
junctures in a woman’s life—such as menarche, marriage, the loss of virginity
or childbirth—ancient peoples thought supernatural forces were at work. To
explain the high rate of infant mortality, for example, a demon goddess was
held responsible. Lilith stories and amulets probably helped generations of
people cope with their fear.
Over time, people throughout
the Near East became increasingly familiar with the myth of Lilith. In
the Bible, she is mentioned only once, in Isaiah 34. The Book of Isaiah is a
compendium of Hebrew prophecy spanning many years; the book’s first 39
chapters, frequently referred to as “First Isaiah,” can be assigned to the time
when the prophet lived (approximately 742–701 B.C.E.). Throughout the Book of
Isaiah, the prophet encourages God’s people to avoid entanglements with
foreigners who worship alien deities. In Chapter 34, a sword-wielding Yahweh seeks
vengeance on the infidel Edomites, perennial outsiders and foes of the ancient
Israelites. According to this powerful apocalyptic poem, Edom will become a
chaotic, desert land where the soil is infertile and wild animals roam:
“Wildcats shall meet hyenas, / Goat-demons shall greet each other; / There too
the lilith shall repose / And find herself a resting place” (Isaiah 34:14).5
The Lilith demon was apparently so well known to Isaiah’s audience that no
explanation of her identity was necessary.
The evil Lilith is depicted
on this ceramic bowl from Mesopotamia . The Aramaic incantation inscribed on the bowl was
intended to protect a man named Quqai and his family from assorted demons. The
spell begins: “Removed and chased are the curses and incantations from Quqai
son of Gushnai, and Abi daughter of Nanai and from their children.” Although
Lilith’s name does not appear, she may be identified by comparison with images
of her on other bowls, where she is shown with her arms raised aggressively and
her skin spotted like a leopard’s. Dating to about 600 C.E., this bowl from Harvard
University ’s Semitic
Museum attests to the longevity of Lilith’s reputation in Mesopotamia
as a seducer of men and murderer of children. Image: Courtesy of the Semitic
Musuem, Harvard University .
The Isaiah passage lacks specifics in describing Lilith, but it locates her in desolate places. The Bible verse thus links Lilith directly to the demon of the Gilgamesh epic who flees “to the desert.” The wilderness traditionally symbolizes mental and physical barrenness; it is a place where creativity and life itself are easily extinguished. Lilith, the feminine opposite of masculine order, is banished from fertile territory and exiled to barren wasteland.
The Isaiah passage lacks specifics in describing Lilith, but it locates her in desolate places. The Bible verse thus links Lilith directly to the demon of the Gilgamesh epic who flees “to the desert.” The wilderness traditionally symbolizes mental and physical barrenness; it is a place where creativity and life itself are easily extinguished. Lilith, the feminine opposite of masculine order, is banished from fertile territory and exiled to barren wasteland.
English translators of Isaiah
34:14 sometimes lack confidence in their readers’ knowledge of Babylonian
demonology. The King James Bible’s prose rendition of the poem translates “the
lilith” as “the screech owl,” recalling the ominous bird-like qualities of the
Babylonian she-demon. The Revised Standard Version picks up on her nocturnal
habits and tags her “the night hag” instead of “the lilith,” while the 1917
Jewish Publication Society’s Holy Scriptures calls her “the night-monster.”6
The Hebrew text and its best translations employ the word “lilith” in the
Isaiah passage, but other versions are true to her ancient image as a bird,
night creature and beldam (hag).
While Lilith is not mentioned
again in the Bible, she does resurface in the Dead Sea Scrolls found at Qumran .
The Qumran sect was engrossed with demonology, and Lilith appears in the Song
for a Sage, a hymn possibly used in exorcisms: “And I, the Sage, sound the
majesty of His beauty to terrify and confound all the spirits of destroying
angels and the bastard spirits, the demons, Lilith. . ., and those that strike
suddenly, to lead astray the spirit of understanding, and to make desolate
their heart.”7 The Qumran community was surely familiar with the Isaiah passage,
and the Bible’s sketchy characterization of Lilith is echoed by this liturgical
Dead Sea Scroll. (Lilith may also appear in a second Dead Sea Scroll. See the
following article in this issue.)
Centuries after the Dead Sea
Scrolls were written, learned rabbis completed the Babylonian Talmud (final
editing circa 500 to 600 C.E.), and female demons journeyed into scholarly
Jewish inquiries. The Talmud (the name comes from a Hebrew word meaning
“study”) is a compendium of legal discussions, tales of great rabbis and
meditations on Bible passages. Talmudic references to Lilith are few, but they
provide a glimpse of what intellectuals thought about her. The Talmud’s Lilith
recalls older Babylonian images, for she has “long hair” (Erubin 100b) and
wings (Niddah 24b).8 The Talmud’s image of Lilith also reinforces older
impressions of her as a succubus, a demon in female form who had sex with men
while the men were sleeping. Unwholesome sexual practices are linked to Lilith
as she powerfully embodies the demon-lover myth.
One talmudic reference claims
that people should not sleep alone at night, lest Lilith slay them (Shabbath
151b). During the 130-year period between the death of Abel and the birth of
Seth, the Talmud reports, a distraught Adam separates himself from Eve. During
this time he becomes the father of “ghosts and male demons and female [or
night] demons” (Erubin 18b). And those who try to construct the Tower
of Babel are turned into “apes, spirits, devils and night-demons”
(Sanhedrin 109a). The female night demon is Lilith.
About the time the Talmud was
completed, people living in the Jewish colony of Nippur , Babylonia , also knew of Lilith. Her image has been unearthed on
numerous ceramic bowls known as incantation bowls for the Aramaic spells
inscribed on them. If the Talmud demonstrates what scholars thought about
Lilith, the incantation bowls, dating from approximately 600 C.E., show what
average citizens believed. One bowl now on display at Harvard University’s
Semitic Museum reads, “Thou Lilith. . .Hag and Snatcher, I adjure you by the
Strong One of Abraham, by the Rock of Isaac, by the Shaddai of Jacob. . .to
turn away from this Rashnoi. . .and from Geyonai her husband. . .Your divorce
and writ and letter of separation. . .sent through holy angels. . .Amen, Amen,
Selah, Halleluyah!”9 The inscription is meant to offer a woman named Rashnoi
protection from Lilith. According to popular folklore, demons not only killed
human infants, they would also produce depraved offspring by attaching
themselves to human beings and copulating at night. Therefore, on this
particular bowl a Jewish writ of divorce expels the demons from the home of
Rashnoi.
Until the seventh century
C.E., Lilith was known as a dangerous embodiment of dark, feminine powers. In
the Middle Ages, however, the Babylonian she-demon took on new and even more
sinister characteristics. Sometime prior to the year 1000, The Alphabet of Ben
Sira was introduced to medieval Jewry. The Alphabet, an anonymous text,
contains 22 episodes, corresponding to the 22 letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
The fifth episode includes a Lilith who was to tantalize and terrify the
population for generations to come. To some extent, The Alphabet of Ben Sira
shows a familiar Lilith: She is destructive, she can fly and she has a penchant
for sex. Yet this tale adds a new twist: She is Adam’s first wife, before Eve,
who boldly leaves Eden because she is treated as man’s inferior.
The Alphabet’s narrative
about Lilith is framed within a tale of King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon . The king’s young son is ill, and a courtier named Ben
Sira is commanded to cure the boy. Invoking the name of God, Ben Sira inscribes
an amulet with the names of three healing angels. Then he relates a story of
how these angels travel around the world to subdue evil spirits, such as
Lilith, who cause illness and death. Ben Sira cites the Bible passage
indicating that after creating Adam, God realizes that it is not good for man
to be alone (Genesis 2:18). In Ben Sira’s fanciful additions to the biblical
tale, the Almighty then fashions another person from the earth, a female called
Lilith. Soon the human couple begins to fight, but neither one really hears the
other. Lilith refuses to lie underneath Adam during sex, but he insists that
the bottom is her rightful place. He apparently believes that Lilith should
submissively perform wifely duties. Lilith, on the other hand, is attempting to
rule over no one. She is simply asserting her personal freedom. Lilith states,
“We are equal because we are both created from the earth.”10
The validity of Lilith’s argument is more apparent in Hebrew, where the words for man (Adam) and “earth” come from the same root, adm (nst) (adam [nst] = Adam; adamah [vnst] = earth). Since Lilith and Adam are formed of the same substance, they are alike in importance.
The validity of Lilith’s argument is more apparent in Hebrew, where the words for man (Adam) and “earth” come from the same root, adm (nst) (adam [nst] = Adam; adamah [vnst] = earth). Since Lilith and Adam are formed of the same substance, they are alike in importance.
Eve, meet Lilith.
Lilith—depicted with a woman’s face and a serpentine body—assaults Adam and Eve
beneath the Tree of Knowledge in Hugo van der Goes’s “Fall of Adam and Eve” (c.
1470), from the Kunsthistorisches Museum, in Vienna. According to medieval
Jewish apocryphal tradition, which attempts to reconcile the two Creation
stories presented in Genesis, Lilith was Adam’s first wife. In Genesis 1:27,
God creates man and woman simultaneously from the earth. In Genesis 2:7,
however, Adam is created by himself from the earth; Eve is produced later, from
Adam’s rib (Genesis 2:21 –22).
In Jewish legend, the name Lilith was attached to the woman who was created at
the same time as Adam. Image: Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY.
The struggle continues until Lilith becomes so frustrated with Adam’s stubbornness and arrogance that she brazenly pronounces the Tetragrammaton, the ineffable name of the Lord. God’s name (YHWH), translated as “Lord God” in most Bibles and roughly equivalent to the term “Yahweh,” has long been considered so holy that it is unspeakable. During the days of theJerusalem Temple , only the High Priest said the word out loud, and then
only once a year, on the Day of Atonement. In Jewish theology and practice,
there is still mystery and majesty attached to God’s special name. The
Tetragrammaton is considered “the name that comprises all” (Zohar 19a).11 In
the Bible’s burning bush episode of Exodus 3, God explains the meaning of the
divine name as “I am what I am,” or “I will be what I will be,” a kind of
formula for YHWH (vuvh), associated with the Hebrew root “to be.” The whole of
the Torah is thought to be contained within the holy name. In The Alphabet,
Lilith sins by impudently uttering the sacred syllables, thereby demonstrating
to a medieval audience her unworthiness to reside in Paradise .
So Lilith flies away, having gained power to do so by pronouncing God’s avowed
name. Though made of the earth, she is not earthbound. Her dramatic departure
reestablishes for a new generation Lilith’s supernatural character as a winged
devil.
The struggle continues until Lilith becomes so frustrated with Adam’s stubbornness and arrogance that she brazenly pronounces the Tetragrammaton, the ineffable name of the Lord. God’s name (YHWH), translated as “Lord God” in most Bibles and roughly equivalent to the term “Yahweh,” has long been considered so holy that it is unspeakable. During the days of the
In the Gilgamesh and Isaiah
episodes, Lilith flees to desert spaces. In The Alphabet of Ben Sira her
destination is the Red Sea , site of historic and symbolic importance to the Jewish
people. Just as the ancient Israelites achieve freedom from Pharaoh at the Red Sea ,
so Lilith gains independence from Adam by going there. But even though Lilith
is the one who leaves, it is she who feels rejected and angry.
The Almighty tells Adam that
if Lilith fails to return, 100 of her children must die each day. Apparently,
Lilith is not only a child-murdering witch but also an amazingly fertile
mother. In this way, she helps maintain the world’s balance between good and
evil.
Three angels are sent in
search of Lilith. When they find her at the Red Sea ,
she refuses to return to Eden , claiming that she was created to devour children. Ben
Sira’s story suggests that Lilith is driven to kill babies in retaliation for
Adam’s mistreatment and God’s insistence on slaying 100 of her progeny daily.
“Bind
Lilith in chains!” reads a warning in Hebrew on this 18th- or 19th-century C.E.
amulet from the Israel Museum intended to protect an infant from the demoness. The
image of Lilith appears at center. The small circles that outline her body
represent a chain. The divine name is written in code (called atbash) down her
chest. (The letters yhwh appear instead as mzpz.) Beneath this is a prayer:
“Protect this boy who is a newborn from all harm and evil. Amen.” Surrounding
the central image are abbreviated quotations from Numbers 6:22–27 (“The Lord bless
you and keep you. . .”) and Psalm 121 (“I lift up my eyes to the hills. . .”).
According to the apocryphal Alphabet of Ben Sira, Lilith herself promised she
would harm no child who wore an amulet bearing her name. Image: Israel
Museum , Jerusalem .
To prevent the three angels from drowning her in theRed Sea ,
To prevent the three angels from drowning her in the
Micheal
Gagliano
To prevent the three angels from
drowning her in the Red Sea , Lilith swears in the name of God that she will not harm
any infant who wears an amulet bearing her name. Ironically, by forging an
agreement with God and the angels, Lilith demonstrates that she is not totally
separated from the divine.
Lilith’s relationship with
Adam is a different matter. Their conflict is one of patriarchal authority
versus matriarchal desire for emancipation, and the warring couple cannot reconcile. They represent the archetypal battle of the sexes.
Neither attempts to solve their dispute or to reach some kind of compromise
where they take turns being on top (literally and figuratively). Man cannot
cope with woman’s desire for freedom, and woman will settle for nothing less.
In the end, they both lose.
Why did the The Alphabet’s
unnamed author produce this tragedy? What compelled the author to theorize that
Adam had a mate before Eve? The answer may be found in the Bible’s two Creation
stories. In Genesis 1 living things appear in a specific order; plants, then
animals, then finally man and woman are made simultaneously on the sixth day:
“Male and female He created them” (Genesis 1:27). In this version of human
origins, man and woman (“humankind” in the New Revised Standard Version) are
created together and appear to be equal. In Genesis 2, however, man is created
first, followed by plants, then animals and finally woman. She comes last
because in the array of wild beasts and birds that God had created, “no fitting
helper was found” (Genesis 2:20 ). The
Lord therefore casts a deep sleep upon Adam and returns to work, forming woman
from Adam’s rib. God presents woman to Adam, who approves of her and names her
Eve. One traditional interpretation of this second Creation story (which scholars
identify as the older of the two accounts) is that woman is made to please man
and is subordinate to him.b
Considering every word of the
Bible to be accurate and sacred, commentators needed a midrash or story to
explain the disparity in the Creation narratives of Genesis 1 and 2. God
creates woman twice—once with man, once from man’s rib—so there must have been
two women. The Bible names the second woman Eve; Lilith was identified as the
first in order to complete the story.
Another plausible theory about
the creation of this Lilith story, however, is that Ben Sira’s tale is in its
entirety a deliberately satiric piece that mocks the Bible, the Talmud and
other rabbinic exegeses. Indeed, The Alphabet’s language is often coarse and
its tone irreverent, exposing the hypocrisies of biblical heroes such as
Jeremiah and offering “serious” discussions of vulgar matters such as
masturbation, flatulence and copulation by animals.12 In this context, the
story of Lilith might have been parody that never represented true rabbinic
thought. It may have served as lewd entertainment for rabbinic students and the
public, but it was largely unacknowledged by serious scholars of the time.
Micheal Gagliano
Whether the writer of The
Alphabet intended to produce earnest midrash or irreligious burlesque, the
treatise proclaims Lilith unfit to serve as Adam’s helper. While medieval
readers might have laughed at the story’s bawdiness, at the end of this risqué
tale, Lilith’s desire for liberation is thwarted by male-dominated society. For
this reason, of all the Lilith myths, her portrayal in The Alphabet of Ben Sira
is today the most trumpeted, despite the distinct possibility that its author
was spoofing sacred texts all along.
Dressed in a polka-dot bikini
and high-heeled pumps, Lilith hurls lightning bolts at Adam, in Texas artist Allison Merriweather’s colorful “Lilith” (1999),
from the artist’s collection. Today, feminists celebrate Lilith for insisting
on being treated as Adam’s equal. In repicturing Lilith as a modern woman, they
draw heavily on the medieval Alphabet of Ben Sira, where Lilith tells Adam: “We
are equal because we are both created from the earth.” But the author of The
Alphabet might actually have intended his tale to be interpreted as satire.
Indeed, the book is rife with dirty jokes, praise for hypocrites and biting
sarcasm. And the pious character Ben Sira, who retells Lilith’s story in The
Alphabet, is identified as the product of an incestuous relationship between
the prophet Jeremiah and his daughter. Image: Courtesy of Allison Merriweather.
The next milestone in Lilith’s journey lies in the Zohar, which elaborates on the earlier account of Lilith’s birth inEden . The Zohar (meaning “Splendor”) is the Hebrew title for
a fundamental kabbalistic tome, first compiled in Spain by Moses de Leon (1250–1305), using earlier sources. To
the Kabbalists (members of the late medieval school of mystical thought), the
Zohar’s mystical and allegorical interpretations of the Torah are considered
sacred. The Lilith of the Zohar depends on a rereading of Genesis 1:27 (“And
God created man in His image, in the image of God He created him; male and
female He created them”), and the interpretation of this passage in the Talmud.
Based on the shift of pronouns from “He created him” to the plural “He created
them,” in Genesis 1:27, the Talmud suggests that the first human being was a
single, androgynous creature, with two distinct halves: “At first it was the
intention that two [male and female] should be created but ultimately only one
was created” (Erubin 18a). Centuries later the Zohar elaborates that the male
and female were soon separated. The female portion of the human being was
attached on the side, so God placed Adam in a deep slumber and “sawed her off
from him and adorned her like a bride and brought her to him.” This detached
portion is “the original Lilith, who was with him [Adam] and who conceived from
him” (Zohar 34b). Another passage indicates that as soon as Eve is created and
Lilith sees her rival clinging to Adam, Lilith flies away.
The next milestone in Lilith’s journey lies in the Zohar, which elaborates on the earlier account of Lilith’s birth in
The Zohar, like the earlier
treatments of Lilith, sees her as a temptress of innocent men, breeder of evil
spirits and carrier of disease: “She wanders about at night time, vexing the
sons of men and causing them to defile themselves [emit seed]” (Zohar 19b). The
passage goes on to say that she hovers over her unsuspecting victims, inspires
their lust, conceives their children and then infects them with disease. Adam
is one of her victims, for he fathers “many spirits and demons, through the
force of the impurity which he had absorbed” from Lilith. The promiscuity of
Lilith will continue until the day God destroys all evil spirits. Lilith even
attempts to seduce King Solomon. She comes in the guise of the Queen of Sheba,
but when the Israelite king spies her hairy legs, he realizes she is a beastly
impostor.
At several points, the Zohar
breaks away from the traditional presentation of the divine personality as
exclusively male and discusses a female side to God, called the Shekhinah. (The
Shekhinah, whose name means “the Divine Presence” in Hebrew, also appears in
the Talmud.) In the Zohar, the lust that Lilith instills in men sends the
Shekhinah into exile. If the Shekhinah is Israel ’s mother, then Lilith is the mother of Israel ’s apostasy. Lilith is even accused of tearing apart the
Tetragrammaton, the sacred name of the Lord (YHWH).
The Zohar’s final innovation
concerning the Lilith myth is to partner her with the male personification of
evil, named either Samael or Asmodeus. He is associated with Satan, the serpent
and the leader of fallen angels. Lilith and Samael form an unholy alliance
(Zohar 23b, 55a) and embody the dark, negative sphere of the depraved. In one
of the many stories of Samael and Lilith, God is concerned that the couple will
produce a huge demonic brood and overwhelm the earth with evil. Samael is
therefore castrated, and Lilith satisfies her passions by dallying with other
men and causing their nocturnal emissions, which she then uses to become
pregnant.13
While Lilith appears in the
Zohar and many anonymous folktales throughout Europe ,
over the centuries she has attracted the attention of some of Europe ’s
best-known artists and writers. Germany ’s Johann Goethe (1749–1832) refers to Lilith in Faust,
and English Victorian poet Robert Browning (1812–1889) penned “Adam, Lilith and
Eve,” another testament to the she-demon’s enduring power. The Pre-Raphaelite
poet and painter Dante Gabriel Rossetti (1828–1882) imaginatively describes a
pact between Lilith and the Bible’s serpent. A scheming and spiteful Lilith
convinces her former lover, the snake, to loan her a reptilian shape. Disguised
as a snake Lilith returns to Eden, convinces Eve and Adam to sin by eating the
forbidden fruit, and causes God great sorrow.14 Rossetti maintains that “not a
drop of her blood was human” but that Lilith nevertheless had the form of a
beautiful woman, as can be seen in his painting entitled “Lady Lilith,” begun
in 1864 (see the sidebar to this article).
In the
1950s C.S. Lewis invoked Lilith’s image in The Chronicles of Narnia by creating
the White Witch, one of the most sinister characters in this imaginary world.
As the daughter of Lilith, the White Witch is determined to kill the sons of
Adam and the daughters of Eve. She imposes a perpetual freeze on Narnia so that
it is always winter but never Christmas. In an apocalyptic tale of good
overcoming evil, Aslan—creator and king of Narnia—kills the White Witch and
ends her cruel reign.
Micheal
Gagliano
Today the tradition of Lilith has
enjoyed a resurgence, due mainly to the feminist movement of the late 20th
century. Renewed interest in Lilith has led modern writers to invent ever more
stories. Ignoring or explaining away Lilith’s unsavory traits, feminists have
focused instead upon Lilith’s independence and desire for autonomy.
A feminist parable by Judith Plaskow Goldenberg typifies the new view of Lilith. At first Goldenberg’s fanciful tale follows the basic Ben Sira plot line: Lilith dislikes being subservient to Adam, so she fleesParadise and her absence inspires God
to create Eve. But in Goldenberg’s retelling, the exiled Lilith is lonely and
tries to re-enter the garden. Adam does everything he can to keep her out,
inventing wildly untrue stories about how Lilith threatens pregnant women and
newborns. One day Eve sees Lilith on the other side of the garden wall and
realizes that Lilith is a woman like herself. Swinging on the branch of an
apple tree, a curious Eve catapults herself over Eden ’s walls where she finds
Lilith waiting. As the two women talk, they realize they have much in common,
“till the bond of sisterhood grew between them.”15 The budding friendship
between Lilith and Eve puzzles and frightens both man and deity.
A feminist parable by Judith Plaskow Goldenberg typifies the new view of Lilith. At first Goldenberg’s fanciful tale follows the basic Ben Sira plot line: Lilith dislikes being subservient to Adam, so she flees
Soon after Goldenberg’s prose
piece, Pamela Hadas produced a 12-part poem that examines Lilith’s dilemma from
the female vantage point (see the sidebar to this article). Titled “The Passion
of Lilith,” the poem explores the she-demon’s feelings in the first person by
beginning with the question “What had the likes of me / to do with the likes of
Adam?”16 The first two people are cast as opposites who do not understand one
another and cannot learn to appreciate each other’s strengths. Lilith regards
herself as an example of God’s “after-whim / or black humor.”
Hadas’s Lilith complains that
she feels superfluous because she cannot yield to the dull, artless and
monotonous restrictions of Paradise . The female misfit flees the scene and tries to satisfy
her maternal instincts by approaching women in childbirth and newborn babies,
to their detriment, of course. Hadas’s feminist perspective is most apparent at
the poem’s conclusion, however, when Lilith sees her life of pain as qualifying
her for sainthood. Having been created from God’s breath, Lilith asks “old bald
God” to marry her, to breathe her in again. When the Lord refuses, she is hurt,
angry and left with few options, except to travel the world alone.
Lilith’s peregrinations
continue today. This winged night creature is, in effect, the only “surviving”
she-demon from the Babylonian empire, for she is reborn each time her character
is reinterpreted. The retellings of the myth of Lilith reflect each
generation’s views of the feminine role. As we grow and change with the
millennia, Lilith survives because she is the archetype for the changing role
of woman.
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Swapping bodies with a young female demon had not been part of the planned vacation.
A Body Swap Book by Amy Mah
Swapping bodies with a young female demon had not been part of the planned vacation.
Nor was having to attend a demonic high school for the magically gifted.
When the most magical thing you could do was set your own underwear on fire.
Life was not going to be easy, even less so with a painful tail that everyone trod on.
Owning a magic sword that always tried to look up your skirt when fighting was not helpful.
But then nor was having a telepathic diary that corrected your thinking instead of your spelling.
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